July’s Top Tree: River Birch

River Birch – Betula nigra
Mature size: Height 40’ - 50’; Spread 30’- 45’
Growth rate: Medium to rapid

River Birch, a deciduous tree native to the southeastern United States is considered the hardiest and most adaptive of all birches. As its name implies, River Birches like water. In nature, the trees thrive in low lands near stream banks and rivers. In urban settings, this translates into a safe tree choice for the caretaker that loves to water. Even though these trees are fond of moist surroundings, when established, they actually can tolerate dry conditions and high temperatures making them a very versatile addition to any landscape.

River Birches are considered ornamentals with their most notable feature being their colorful, exfoliating bark. The tree’s bark peels away revealing colors of oranges, whites and browns giving visual interest through every season. Additionally, most trees are typically found in multi-stem form which also enhances their appearance.

If you are considering planting a River Birch this year, now’s the time to plant. These trees do better when planted earlier rather than later in the season, giving their root systems more time to establish. They prefer full sun and perform well in acidic to neutral soils. Be prepared to provide an iron supplement, as needed, if your tree’s planted in a more alkaline soil. Lastly, if you intend to prune, do so only late summer through early winter, when the tree is dormant as it bleeds a fair amount of sap.

Why we love them? River Birches provide great filtered shade (grass can grow underneath), are weather tolerable, grow well in clay soil and are available in a range of varieties.

What varieties should I consider? Heritage its beauty and hardiness have created the standard that most River Birches are measured by or Royal Frost because of its unique burgundy leaves.

 

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